Dose and Time Dependent Protective Effects of Apocyanin and Curcumin Against Diclofenac-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

This study explored the protective potential of apocyanin and curcumin in diclofenac-induced cardiotoxicity utilizing cardiac enzymes, pro-inflammatory markers, along with histopathological endpoints. A total 123 male Wistar rats were used for study. 43 determination median lethal dose (LD50) while 80 randomly divided into 8 groups 10 each. Group 1(control) received distilled water others orally, per mg/kg body weight treatments as follows: group 2(1000, apocyanin, 3(1000, curcumin), 4(10, diclofenac), 5(500, 10, 6(1000, 7(500, diclofenac) 8(1000, diclofenac). The administered daily 14 28 days. LD50 up to 5000mg/kg did not show any fatality animals. Administration diclofenac significantly (p < 0.05) elevated activities creatinine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, levels troponin-T, tumor necrosis factor. There was no alteration Interleukin- 1β. histological results also showed insults such muscle having severe fibro collagenous stroma, reduced myocytes density, thick wall blood vessels. However, pretreatment 500 1000 or attenuated all biochemical alterations lesions induced by a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatments inhibitors NADPH oxidases 2weres effective ameliorating suppressing inflammation restoring normal architecture, thus, highlighting therapeutic potentials management diclofenac-mediated cardiotoxicity.